ntroduction, classification, Mechanical devices as primary detectors, Basic requirements of a transducer, Electrical transducers, Type of transducers for measuring displacement, strain, vibration, pressure, Flow, temperature, force, torque, liquid level, Humidity, P. H. value, velocity (angular and linear), acceleration, Basic principles of resistive transducers, Inductive transducers, capacitive transducers, Thermoelectric transducers, Piezoelectric transducers, Hall effect transducers, Electromechanical transducers, Photoelectric transducers, Digital transducers.

Introduction, ideal op-amp, Operational amplifier specifications, Zero crossing detector, Zero crossing detector with Hysteresis, inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, Voltage-follower, adder, subtractor, integrator, Differentiator, voltage to current converter, current to voltage converter, Phase shifter circuit, Absolute-Value circuit, Peak detector, AC to DC converter, logarithmic converter, Differential-amplifier, Instrumentation amplifier, Analog Modulators and demodulators.

Introduction to Analog and digital display methods, Analog Recorders, C.R.O., digital input output Devices, Digital frequency meter, Digital Voltmeter.

Introduction, Methods of data transmission, General telemetering system, Electrical telemetering systems, Transmission channels and media, Multiplexing in telemetering systems, Characteristics of Frequency division multiplexing, Time-division multiplexing.

Introduction, signal conditioning of the inputs, single channel D A S, Multi-channel D A S, Data Conversion, Multi-plexer, S/H circuit, A/D converter.